ASP.NET is file system driven, whilst SharePoint is database driven. All SharePoint content and meta data comes from a database, including images, HTML, Master Page, etc. SharePoint provides a framework where components can be plugged in, and as a result these areas are improved out-of-the-box:
Security model, membership, permissions.
The UI framework becomes relatively consistent.
Menus, navigation, and site maps.
Administration of access i.e., site owners can change permissions for that site – without the need for administrators.
Deployment model is very different:
ASP.NET has MSI file or XCopy deployment – individual server.
SharePoint deployment is via Solution Package – but goes cross-site farms.
Deployment is both declarative in (XML format), as well as in code with Feature and Event receivers.
Tools: